MS Exchange

MS Exchange

August 25, 2020
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Microsoft Exchange Server History

The history of Microsoft Exchange Server begins with the first Microsoft Exchange Server product – Exchange Server 4.0 in March 1996 – and extends to the current day. Microsoft had sold a number of email products before Exchange.

The directory used by Exchange Server eventually became Microsoft’s Active Directory service, an LDAP-compliant directory service. Active Directory was integrated into Windows 2000 as the foundation of Windows Server domains.

Exchange Server Versions

  1. Exchange Server 4.0
  2. Exchange Server 5.0
  3. Exchange Server 5.5
  4. Exchange Server 2000
  5. Exchange Server 2003
  6. Exchange Server 2007
  7. Exchange Server 2010
  8. Exchange Server 2013
  9. Exchange Server 2016
  10. Exchange Server 2019

Until 2020 these are the below release form Microsoft

What is the purpose of Microsoft Exchange?

In layman’s terms, it’s a piece of software that runs on a server and manages all your emails. … Microsoft Exchange is designed to centralise your emails into one database. Instead of your web-hosting company handling your email and them storing them on your computer, Exchange manages and backs up the emails on a server.

What is Microsoft Exchange used for?

Microsoft Exchange Server is Microsoft’s email, calendaring, contact, scheduling and collaboration platform. It is deployed on the Windows Server operating system (OS) for business use. Microsoft designed Exchange Server to give users access to the messaging platform from mobile devices, desktops and web-based systems.

What is the difference between Exchange and Outlook?

Exchange. Although both the applications work together, Microsoft Exchange provides the back end to a centralized system for your emails, messages, calendars, and tasks, whereas Outlook is a desktop email client which keeps in sync with the Exchange Server.

What is Outlook Web Access (OWA)?

Outlook Web Access is a full-featured, web-based email client with the look and feel of the Outlook client. With OWA, users can access their mailboxes from any Internet connection regardless of whether or not the computer is equipped with Outlook.

What is ActiveSync protocol?

Exchange ActiveSync (commonly known as EAS) is a proprietary protocol designed for the synchronization of email, contacts, calendar, tasks, and notes from a messaging server to a smartphone or other mobile devices. The protocol also provides mobile device management and policy controls.

What are the different email protocols?

There are 3 main types of email protocols: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol), POP (Post Office Protocol) and IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol). Outgoing protocols (SMTP) are used to manage the transmission of email between servers.

What is the role of Client Access Server?

  1. Microsoft Office Outlook
  2. Outlook Web App
  3. Mobile devices
  4. POP & SMTP
  5. Accepts mail from delivers mail to other mail hosts on the internet
  6. Gives unified namespace, network security and authentication
  7. Handles all client requests for Exchange
  8. Routes requests to the correct mailbox server
  9. Allows the use of layer 4 (TCP affinity) routing

What is the role of Mailbox Server?

  1. e-mail storage
  2. Host public folder databases
  3. Host mailbox databases
  4. Calculate e-mail address policies
  5. Performs multi-mailbox searches
  6. Provide high availability and site resiliency
  7. Provide messaging records management and retention policies
  8. Handle connectivity as clients don’t connect directly to the mailbox services
  9. For given mailbox, it provides all core exchange functionality
  10. When a database fails over, it also fails access to the mailbox

What is the role of Hub Server?

Hub Transport Server Role. The Hub Transport Server role is deployed inside your organization’s Active Directory. This server role handles all internal mail flow and is also responsible for applying transport rules as well as journaling policies to the respective messages flowing through your organization.

Explain the term DAG (Data Availability Group)?

DAG or Data Availability Group is a framework build is MS Exchange 2013. It is a group of upto 16 mailbox server that hosts a set of databases and provides automatic database level recovery due to failure of servers of databases.

What is the role of unified messaging server?

The unified messaging server is a server role in Exchange Server 2007 and Exchange Server 2010 that integrates users’ voice mail with Exchange email. The UM server allows an Exchange organization to store voicemail and faxes along with email, calendars and contacts in users’ mailboxes.

What is public folder in exchange?

Public Folders is one of the many features within Microsoft Exchange. Its purpose is to give Outlook users access to common folders for sharing information. … You can also make a Public Folder available to everyone in an organization as well. Public Folders also support the following features: Contacts.

What is exchange address book?

Exchange uses address books to organize and store email address information for recipients in the organization.

What are the important features of Transport Pipeline?

Transport pipeline is made up of three different services:

Front end transport service: It does basic message filtering based on domains, connectors, senders and recipients. It only connects with the transport service on a mailbox server and does not backlog any messages locally

Transport service: It runs on all mailbox servers, and it handles SMTP mail flow. It helps in message categorization and content inspection. The transport services routes messages between the Mailbox Transport service, the Transport Service and Front End Transport service. This service does not queue messages locally

Mailbox Transport: This system includes receiving and sending SMTP to the transport service from mailbox using RPC (Remote Procedure Call).

What is the role of categorizer?

Recipient Resolution: The e-mail address of the recipient is resolved to decide whether the recipient has got a mailbox in the Exchange Organization or an external e-mail address

Routing Resolution: Once the information regarding the recipient is resolved, the ultimate destination for the mail is routed, and the next hop are determined

Content Conversion: Once the mail has reached its determined address, the SMTP is converted into readable format like HTML, rich text format or plain text

What ports does MS Exchange use?

ProtocolPacket TypePortDescription
LDAPTCP389Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), used by Active Directory, Active Directory Connector, and the Microsoft Exchange Server 5.5 directory.
 TCP379The Site Replication Service (SRS) uses TCP port 379.
 TCP390While not a standard LDAP port, TCP port 390 is the recommended alternate port to configure the Exchange Server 5.5 LDAP protocol when Exchange Server 5.5 is running on a Microsoft Windows Active Directory domain controller.
 TCP3268Global catalog. The Windows Active Directory global catalog (which is really a domain controller “role”) listens on TCP port 3268. When you are troubleshooting issues that may be related to a global catalog, connect to port 3268 in LDP.
LDAP/SSLTCP636LDAP over Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). When SSL is enabled, LDAP data that is transmitted and received is encrypted.
 TCP3269Global catalog over SSL. Applications that connect to TCP port 3269 of a global catalog server can transmit and receive SSL encrypted data. To configure a global catalog to support SSL, you must install a Computer certificate on the global catalog.
IMAPTCP143Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), may be used by “standards-based” clients such as Microsoft Outlook Express, Live Mail, Mobile Devices to access the e-mail server. IMAP4 runs on top of the Microsoft Internet Information Service (IIS) Admin Service and enables client access to the Exchange Information Store.
IMAP/SSLTCP993IMAP4 over SSL uses TCP port 993. Before an Exchange server supports IMAP4 (or any other protocol) over SSL, you must install a Computer certificate on the Exchange 2000 server. This can be a self-signed certificate or a purchased signed certificate
POP3TCP110Post Office Protocol (POP3), enables “standards-based” clients such as Outlook Express, Windows Mail, Live Mail and other POP3 enabled mail clients to access the e-mail server. As with IMAP4, POP3 runs on top of the IIS Admin Service, and enables client access to the Exchange Information store.
POP3/SSLTCP995POP3 over SSL uses TCP port 995.
NNTPTCP119Network News Transport Protocol (NNTP), sometimes called Usenet protocol, enables client access to public folders in the Information store. As with IMAP4 and POP3, NNTP runs on top of the IIS Admin Service.
NNTP/SSLTCP563NNTPS over SSL uses TCP port 563.
HTTPTCP80Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol is the protocol used primarily by Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA)
HTTP/SSLTCP443HTTPS over SSL
SMTPTCP25Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the foundation for all e-mail transport in Exchange. The SMTP Service (SMTPSvc) runs on top of the IIS Admin Service. Unlike IMAP4, POP3, NNTP, and HTTP, SMTP in Exchange does not use a separate port for secure communication (SSL), but uses a security sub-system called Transport Layer Security (TLS).
SMTP/SSLTCP465SMTP over SSL. TCP port 465 is reserved by common industry practice for secure SMTP communication using the SSL protocol. However SMTP typically still uses port 25 and use TLS for its security layer
SMTP/LSATCP691The Microsoft Exchange Routing Engine (RESvc) listens for routing link state information on TCP port 691. Exchange uses routing link state information to route messages and the routing table is constantly updated.
X.400TCP102TCP port 102 is the port that the Exchange message transfer agent (MTA) uses to communicate with other X.400-capable MTAs.
MS-RPCTCP135Microsoft Remote Procedure Call is a Microsoft implementation of remote procedure calls (RPCs). TCP port 135 is actually only the RPC Locator Service, which is like the registrar for all RPC-enabled services that run on a particular server. In Exchange 2000, the Routing Group Connector uses RPC instead of SMTP when the target bridgehead server is running Exchange 5.5. Also, some administrative operations require RPC. To configure a firewall to enable RPC traffic, many more ports than just 135 must be enabled.
ULSTCP522User Locator Service (ULS) is a type of Internet directory service for conferencing clients, such as NetMeeting. Exchange 2000 Server and Exchange 2000 Conferencing Server do not implement a ULS, but rather take advantage of Active Directory for directory services (by TCP port 389).
DNSUDP/TCP53Domain Name System (DNS) is at the heart of all of the services and functions of Windows Active Directory and Exchange Server.

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